منابع مشابه
Accidental Goldstone Bosons
We study vacuum alignment in theories in which the chiral symmetry of a set of massless fermions is both spontaneously and explicitly broken. We find that transitions occur between different phases of the fermions’ CP symmetry as parameters in their symmetry breaking Hamiltonian are varied. We identify a new phase that we call pseudoCP-conserving. We observe first and second-order transitions b...
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The paper concerns the effective field theory methods used to study the low energy structure of systems with a spontaneously broken symmetry. I first explain how the method works in the context of quantum chromodynamics and then discuss a few general aspects, related to the universality of effective theories. In particular, I compare some of the effective field theories used in condensed matter...
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The implications of the hidden, spontaneously broken symmetry for the properties of the sound waves of a solid are analyzed. Although the discussion does not go beyond standard wisdom, it presents some of the known results from a different perspective. In particular, I argue that, as a consequence of the hidden symmetry, the equations of motion for a sound wave necessarily contain nonlinear ter...
متن کاملThe Character of Goldstone Bosons
In the strong interaction spectrum the pion is identified as both a Goldstone mode, associated with Dynamical Chiral Symmetry Breaking (DCSB), and a bound state composed of uand d-quarks. This dichotomy is remarkable because, while mρ/2 ∼ mN/3 ∼ 350 MeV=: Mq, the constituent quark mass, mπ/2 is only ≈ 0.2Mq; i.e., the pion is much lighter than comparable bound states. Mq is the “effective mass”...
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The feasibility of measuring the pion and kaon structure functions has been investigated. A high luminosity electron-proton collider would make these measurements feasible. Also, it appears feasible to measure these structure functions in a nuclear medium. Simulations using the RAPGAP Monte Carlo of a possible pion structure function measurement are presented. Understanding hadron structure fro...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Physical Review D
سال: 2005
ISSN: 1550-7998,1550-2368
DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.71.076007